What does it mean that states typically have fairly decentralized governments?

The decision states that legislation cannot overcome social prejudice. can it reinforce social prejudice? how?

Which of the following discoveries would be most likely to cause a scientific paradigm shift? a. the discovery of more rings around uranus b. the discovery of a new pathogenic virus transmitted by mosquitoes c. the discovery that a dormant volcano is showing signs of activity d. the discovery of a new species of salamander in the amazon rainforest e. the discovery that excess heat is radiating from the center of the earth and causing global climate change

What important race leader of the early twentieth century is being described?