___ memory involves the input and maintenance of new information held no more than 15 or 20 seconds long, whereas ___ memory involves a mental workbench, a place where mental effort is applied in memory (e. g., solving long mathematical equations).

What was piaget's explanation as to why preschool-age children in the preoperational stage make errors on tasks requiring conservation? a) preschool children's tendency toward centration prevents them from focusing on other relevant features of a situation b) preschool children have not yet developed numerical understanding; therefore, different amounts are meaningless c) preschool children's neural-visual network is not fully matured d) preschool children have not lived long enough and accrued enough experience to know the difference between quantities