After solving a series of mathematical problems using a complicated formula, Mark used the same formula to solve another problem that he could have solved in a much simpler way. Mark's reliance on the formula he had recently used BEST illustrates:

6–7. white-collar crime. matthew simpson and others created and operated a series of corporate entities to defraud telecommunications companies, creditors, credit reporting agencies, and others. through these entities, simpson and the others used routing codes and spoofing services to make long-distance calls appear to be local. they stole other firms’ network capacity and diverted payments to themselves. they leased goods and services without paying for them. to hide their association with their corporate entities and with each other, they used false identities, addresses, and credit histories, and issued false bills, invoices, financial statements, and credit references,. did these acts constitute mail and wire fraud? discuss. [united states v. simpson, 741 f.3d 539 (5th cir. 2014)] (see types of crimes.)