neither the experimenter nor the subjects know who is receiving the real treatment or the placebo. this type of study is called

When analyzing the election of 1876, what conclusion can be drawn? a.a majority of northerners wanted to enforce reconstruction policies more stringently.b.if tilden had won the electoral votes from louisiana, florida, or south carolina, he would have been elected president.c.the republican party had increased its support in the south.d.rutherford hayes did poorly in the western states.e.the republican party did a good job protecting the voting rights of african-americans in mississippi.

Which of the following best illustrates the process of the supreme court’s review of a case?

It is widely assumed that people need to engage in intellectual activities such as solving crossword puzzles or mathematics problems in order to maintain mental sharpness as they age. in fact, however, simply talking to other people—that is, participating in social interaction, which engages many mental and perceptual skills—suffices. evidence to this effect comes from a study showing that the more social contact people report, the better their mental skills. which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the force of the evidence cited? (a) as people grow older, they are often advised to keep exercising their physical and mental capacities in order to maintain or improve them. (b) many medical conditions and treatments that adversely affect a person's mental sharpness also tend to increase that person's social isolation. (c) many people are proficient both in social interactions and in solving mathematical problems. (d) the study did not itself collect data but analyzed data bearing on the issue from prior studies. (e) the tasks evaluating mental sharpness for which data were compiled by the study were more akin to mathematics problems than to conversation.