Professor Washington is conducting research into the causes of test anxiety. In order to determine their level of anxiety, she has her participants wear a device that tracks their heart rate variability while they are taking an exam (lower levels of heart rate variability are indicative of higher levels of anxiety). In this research, what is heart rate variability

Peggy feels sorry for smokers who have lung cancer because she believes they were duped by tobacco companies to develop a deadly addiction and are therefore not responsible for their disease. when asked to donate money to support lung cancer research, peggy gives generously. peggy’s prosocial behavior can best be explained by the arousal: cost-reward model. the negative state relief model. a norm of equity. attributions of responsibility.