(Q002) Act-utilitarianism is the theory that a. right actions are those that directly produce the best balance of good over evil, everyone considered. b. the morally right action is the one covered by a rule that, if followed consistently, would produce the best balance of good over evil, everyone considered. c. right actions are those that advance one's own best interests. d. right actions are those that conform to one's moral intuitions.

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada