Which of the following describes changes in the brain of a person who is addicted to alcohol or other drugs? #1. The reward/control pathway is hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse. #2. The "go" circuit becomes overactive and drives compulsive substance use. #3. The "stop" circuit does not function properly and is overridden by the "go" switch. #4. Drug cravings hijack survival mechanisms in the old brain and override rational actions of the new brain.

Statement 1,2,3,4 are correct.

#1. The reward/control circuits of the addiction pathway are hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse.#1. The reward/control circuits of the addiction pathway are hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse.

#2. The "go" circuit becomes overactive and drives compulsive substance use.

#3. The "stop" circuit does not function properly and is overridden by the "go" switch.

#4. Drug cravings hijack survival mechanisms in the old brain and override rational actions of the new brain.

Explanation:

Substance abuse

This is simply known as a maladaptive pattern of substance use. It occur over the last 12 months and can leads to impairment of occupational, physical, or social functioning in a man.

Substance dependence

This is when an individual is having substance abuse in addition with withdrawal symptoms, tolerance or a pattern of compulsive use. The down regulation in substance abuse can also leads to a defective reward circuit (flat feelings, depression etc ) and leaves user with a need for more or different drugs.

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