Roy tells his friends Helen and Joe about the dream he had. He dreamed that trains were zooming into tunnels and rockets were firing! Helen tells Roy that his dream is only a meaningless, random byproduct of REM sleep, while Joe tells Roy that his dream is a way of satisfying his unconscious urges. Helen is taking the perspective, while Joe is taking the perspective on dreaming

Helen is taking the activation-synthesis theory perspective, while Joe is taking the wish fulfillment perspective on dreaming

Explanation:

The theory called the activation-synthesis theory states that our dreams are just a product of the activity of our brain when it is at high intensity while we sleep. This high activity triggers preset stimuli in specific regions of the cerebral cortex, which are responsible for emotions. In this case, when Helen tells Joe that his dream is just a random, meaningless by-product of REM sleep, she is relying on the activation-synthesis theory.

Joe, on the other hand, believes that his dream is an out of his mind to fulfill an unconscious wish. In this case, we can confirm that he is based on the theory made by Freud, the wish fulfillment theory, which states that dreams exist as psychic phenomena that intend to fulfill an unconscious desire of the sleeping individual.

when your a dog and you need a bone.   go and eat a rabbit

marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).