What is the theoretical framework used most often in studies of marriage and the family?

It is the social exchange framework.  Social exchange theory is a social mental and sociological point of view that clarifies social change and soundness as a procedure of arranged trades between parties. The hypothesis has established in financial matters, brain science, and human science. 
As indicated by social trade hypothesis, a man who feels that the cost of his or her sentimental relationship exceeds its advantages will undoubtedly leave the relationship.