What is longitude? what is latitude?

Longitude and latitude are used as coordinates to find places on the Earth without having to use a name. (Say, perhaps you're in the ocean and there's nothing that can be referenced)

It's similar to using x and y coordinates to locate points on a 2D plane in math, except the grid is wrapped around the Earth.

Longitude is vertical and measures how far left or right you are (from the prime meridian)
Latitude is horizontal and measures how far up or down you are (from the poles/equator)

productive most commonly means: achieving or producing a significant amount or result.

explanation:

productive can also mean:

producing or giving rise torelating to or engaged in the production of goods, crops, or other commodities.

these depend on how the word productive is used. most likely productive will mean   achieving or producing a significant amount or result.