Think about how governments allocate their budgets. what might make government officials decide to spend additional money on social security instead of the military? what would make government officials decide that the marginal benefit of social security spending is greater than the marginal cost of military spending?

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Recall that in one condition of the experiment conducted by stasser and titus (1985) about student council president candidates, all group members had access to the same information, and that in another condition, members had unique information that other group members didn't know. in the second (unshared information) condition, the group made a worse decision than in the first (shared information) condition. this occurred because groups seldom can agree on who is most expert. focus discussion on the information that all members know. often ignore dissenting opinions. avoid differences of opinion, given conformity pressures.