Radical republicans stated that southern states had to surrender all armsswear an ironclad oathreturn federal property in order to be readmitted into the union.

The correct answer to the question: Radical Republicans stated that Southern states, would be, that Southern states had to swear an ironclad oath, in order to be allowed back into the Union.

Explanation:

At the end of the Civil War, and as part of the Reconstruction process, Radical Republicans believed that one demand that had to be made to the rebellious states of the South, was to force them, especially their white males, to swear an unbreakable, ironclad oath, towards the Union, to never fight against it, raise arms or men against it, and defend its laws against all. This item that limited re-admittance into the United States on the part of the Southern states caused a lot of debate. Finally, these Republicans were able to push through the Fourteenth Amendment and ensured the voting rights of African Americans, as well as its acceptance by all Southern states that wished to make part of the Union.

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explanation:

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"choosing is refusing" means individuals face an opportunity cost with each decision they make. economists state that every decision involves trade-offs. opportunity cost is the least desirable alternative given up as a result of a decision.