In which political system are multiple political parties most common?

Ialready know the answer to this question but i wanted to ask you guys to see if you know. who started the okinawan karate style ryukyu kempo? when year was it found?

Martin, a 32-year-old human relations administrator at a university, believes that all professors over age 50 are incapable of learning the new educational technologies and are content to keep presenting their same "tired, boring" lectures. he often expresses these views to other administrators and does not encourage any of the "older" faculty members to attend professional development meetings related to new teaching approaches nor does he suggest that the university send them to any of the technology conferences. martin is exhibiting

What is the difference between the idea of stare decisis and something being constitutional?