The surface layer of the earth on which vegetation grow

An economic term that describes happiness and its hard to measure in numbers is

Because they are located downstream from turkey on the tigris and euphrates rivers, these two nations are anticipating a reduction in water supply, as a result of 22 dams being built by the southeastern anatolia project. the two nations are a) iraq and iran. b) iraq and syria. c) iran and syria. d) saudi arabia and yemen.

What is affirmative action as a social program intended to accomplish? do you think it has been successful? what are some specific examples that you can offer to support your answer? this is for my multicultural studies class i need asap !