Describe what events led to the collapse of the german army/navy and their war effort. how did the kaiser’s abdication (giving up) of the throne affect the war effort?

After many failed attacks and a war of attrition on the western front millions of German troops had died. This lowered the moral of the troops. After the Americans entered the war and pushed the German back and almost breaking through the Hindenburg line made it clear that the war was almost over. Also Germany had no allies left as the Austrian-Hungarian empire had dissolved and the Ottomans had lost to the British in the middle east. The Kaiser stepping down would have only lowered moral even more and would've made the German's hopeless.

To solve their problems, mesopotamians used irrigation, a way of supplying water to an area of land. to irrigate their land, they dug out large storafe basins to hold water supplies these ditches brought water to the feilds. to protect their feilds from flooding, farmers built up the banks of the tigris and euphrates.hope ths !