Dr. Phillips is a cognitive-developmental psychologist who studies how children learn mathematical principles. His current interest is in studying how children learn multiplication. He recruits 54 second graders who have not yet learned how to multiply numbers to participate in his study. He wonders if different teaching styles lead to different levels of mastery of the subject. Condition 1 involves having students watch a video of cartoon characters explaining multiplication. Condition 2 involves having students being taught multiplication by a teacher. Condition 3 involves students being taught multiplication by a fourth grader. In all conditions, participants are given instruction for the same amount of time, and then are given the same 15-question multiplication test. The number of questions answered correctly is recorded. How many levels does the IV have?
Is the IV measured or manipulated?
Use the exact words from the description above to how is the DV operationalized?