PLEASE HELP ITS FOR A TEST How many states were there in the south?

Choose any two countries in the world, and briefly discuss the evolution of the government of these countries.

In exchange for land, a knight agrees to be a sort of sub-vassal to a vassal. this agreement was known as: investiture homage tyranny subinfeudation

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?