Both World War One and World War Two were total wars- meaning active combat was not the only way these wars were fought. Civilians helped with the war effort and were also targets of their opposition. In World War Two, over half of the casualties were civilian- remember events (committed by both the Axis and the Allied Powers) outside of direct combat are also included in death tolls. Is it acceptable for countries to target civilian populations? Why or why not? Are there any exceptions?