Scientific laws are not exactly the same as scientific theories. The table below shows an example of a theory and an example of a law.
Claim X
Claim Y
Factors in an environment can cause shifts When rocks are deposited in layers, if they
in the genetic makeup of populations. This have not been disturbed, the oldest rock layer
leads to changes in species over time. is on the bottom and younger layers are above it.
Claim X is considered a theory and claim Y is considered a law. Which statement best explains why this is?
A.
Claim X states what always will happen, and claim Y attempts an educated guess of an event.
B.
Claim X makes a statement based on evidence, and claim Y makes a statement based on opinions.
C.
Claim X is based on explanations of a process and claim Y is based on direct observation.
D.
Claim X is based on experimentation, and claim Y is identical to a hypothesis.
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