According to Jefferson what was a result of the "tumults in America"? O The American people wanting a new form of national government
European nations having a favorable opinion of the American government
O Foreign governments thinking it was a good time to attack America
O Congress not doing what the American people asked of it

European nations having a favorable opinion of the American government

Explanation:

The tumults in America refers to a period when United States colony experiencing series of civil unrest leading up to the revolutionary war against British empire.

In his letter to to Edward Carrington, Thomas Jefferson mentioned that at at first, he worried that citizens of other European nations will think poorly about United States because of the tumults. But actually, it's the opposite. They see United States effort to establish democracy as an inspiration which eventually led to series of Independence movements toward colonization,

earlier philosophers whose work influenced the enlightenment included bacon, descartes, locke, and spinoza. the major figures of the enlightenment included beccaria, diderot, hume, kant, montesquieu, rousseau, adam smith, and voltaire. it spread the ideas of the enlightenment across europe and beyond.

1. artillery

2. jose san martin

3.their economies remained dependent on outside powers.

4. drafted new economies

5. democracies have replaced dictatorships