What organisms are usually the pioneer species in anew area? How do these organisms prepare the area for other species

The first organisms to appear in areas of primary succession are often mosses or lichens. These organisms are known as pioneer species because they are the first species present; pioneer species must be hardy and strong, just like human pioneers.

changes in factors like average income and preferences can cause an entire demand curve to shift right or left. this causes a higher or lower quantity to be demanded at a given price. demand curves relate the prices and quantities demanded assuming no other factors change. it is important for consumers to know this information, because it is crucial for them to know what they can afford and can't afford. i hope this .

okay what's the question?