What are the cities of the Subarctic?

The map shows latitudes and longitudes of france. which city is located at approximately 48°n, 7°e?

The controlled use of fire by hominids: (a) limited the expansion of hominids into certain environments, such as dry grasslands. (b) decreased the amount of food energy available in the hominid diet. (c) contributed to geographical expansion and food production techniques in positive ways. (d) has been shown to contribute little to the digestive process of hominids.

The political and economic power of roman catholic church was challenged during the reformation by