Which of the following plays a large role in developing and remembering specific fears? A. the amygdala
B. the hypothalamus
C. the pituitary gland
D. the hippocampus

A. the amygdala

Explanation:

The amygdala is the part of the brain near the base, in the temporal lobe. These cells are responsible for remembering and understanding emotions, giving them meaning in our overall memory. As such, it is also responsible for the fear and one of the primal human reflexes – fight or flight. When something on the outside is read as the threat, the amygdala reacts with the fear response and alerts motor functions to fight off the predator, or take the run.

These memories of fear are then stored in the amygdala, developing as complex phobias and specified as our personal scare.

answer; /// i believe the correct answer is (b) disposition

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.