Which enlightenment idea encouraged colonies to experience a new type of political system decided by citizens through vote

One way in which the european union encourages trade among countries is through the use of

This was a 1676 uprising in the virginia colony

Atraffic cop has pulled over a speeder, only to discover that he has stopped a close friend. the police officer is torn, because his professional obligations demand that he punish the speeder, but his personal obligations suggest that he should give a friend a break. what is this called?