1. When the Roman Empire was divided, the western section became known as the Byzantine Empire. 2. The Pax Romana was a 200-year period of peace in the Roman Empire. 3. Germanic tribes, including the Visigoths and Vandals, attacked Rome and helped bring about the empire's downfall. 4. Christian missionaries became less important in the church after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. 5. Romans spread the Latin language throughout Europe and Africa as they gained political power in these areas.

Answer and Explanation:

1. False: When the Roman Empire was divided, the western part became known as Rome, while the eastern part became known as the Byzantine Empire.

2. True: The pax romana was a period of great political and hegemonic stability in Rome that promoted an increase in periods of peace and tranquility. This period lasted for about 200 years.

3. True: in addition to the strong economic crisis, the intense invasion of northern peoples, mainly Germans, led to the end of the western Roman empire.

4. False: During the fall of the Roman empire, Christian missionaries gained strong notoriety and became so important and influential that they made Emperor Constantine convert to Christianity and make this religion the main religion of the empire.

False: The Latin language was widespread throughout western Europe due to the power and influence of the Catholic church in that region.

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freeborn women in ancient rome were citizens (cives), but could not vote or hold political office. because of their limited public role, women are named less frequently than men by roman historians. but while roman women held no direct political power, those from wealthy or powerful families could and did exert influence through private negotiations. exceptional women who left an undeniable mark on history range from lucretia and claudia quinta, whose stories took on mythic significance; fierce republican-era women such as cornelia, mother of the gracchi, and fulvia, who commanded an army and issued coins bearing her image; women of the julio-claudian dynasty, most prominently livia (58 bc-ad 29), who contributed to the formation of imperial mores; and the empress helena (c.250–330 ad), a driving force in promoting christianity.

women in the ancient greek world had few rights in comparison to male citizens. unable to vote, own land, or inherit, a woman’s place was in the home and her purpose in life was the rearing of children. this, though, is a general description, and when considering the role of women in ancient greece one should remember that information regarding specific city-states is often lacking, is almost always from male authors, and only in athens can their status and role be described in any great detail. neither are we sure of the practical and everyday application of the rules and laws that have survived from antiquity. we do know that spartan women were treated somewhat differently than in other states. for example, they had to do physical training like men, were permitted to own land, and could drink wine.