The conversion of physical energy or stimuli into neural activity that can be processed by the central nervous system is
adaptation
conduction
saturation
transduction

The process that you’re describing is called Transduction; the transmission of molecular signals from the cells’ exterior to the cells’ interior.

Early 18th century british industries were generally small scale and relatively unsophisticated. most textile production, for example, was centred on small workshops or in the homes of spinners, weavers and dyers: a literal ‘cottage industry’ that involved thousands of individual manufacturers. such small-scale production was also a feature of most other industries, with different regions specialising in different products: metal production in the midlands, for example, and coal mining in the north-east.two illustrations of 18t