In an experiment, a researcher can make claims about causation if:a) changing the dependent variable resulted in changes in the independent variableb) is the same regardless of the number of degrees of rotationc) changing the independent variable resulted in changes in the dependent variabled) depends on the familiarity of the object being rotated.

c) changing the independent variable resulted in changes in the dependent variable

Explanation:

Causation: In psychology, the term "causation" is determined as a process that shows a specific relationship between two different variables i.e, if any changes occur in the level of one variable then it will directly cause in the level of the other variable. However, it is feasible for the two different variables to be connected with one another without of these variables causing an "observed behavior" in the another variable.

In the question above, the given statement represents that option C is correct.

because he was a christian?

answer:

d. because dr. laguardia selected a widely used measure, his study generalizes to has strong external validity. external validity has limited external validity. other applications of this measure.

the widely used measure that he applied to his experiment was the benton facial recognition test. it employed on to football players and as result, only players who suffered brain concussions did not pas this test. and although it has an external validity, it is limited because it isn't general to apply to other population.