WHAT WAS THE TRIPARTITE STRUGGLE

The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire.[1]:20

Epigraphist Dineschandra Sircar, however, added a different perspective to this struggle. According to Sircar, the struggle between the Pratihara Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire had begun earlier than the commencement of struggle over Kannauj (Kanyakubja). These two powers shared common frontier in Gujarat and Malwa regions. The frontier was a shifting one and was far from being permanent, causing enmity between the two powers. Even before the struggle over Kannauj started, Dantidurga, the founder of the Rashtrakuta Empire, had defeated Nagabhata I of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty as evident from the Dashavatara Temple inscription of Dantidurga at Ellora and the Sanjan[disambiguation needed] inscription of Amoghavarsha I, both belonging to the Rashtrakuta dynasty. On the other hand, the conflict between the Palas of Bengal and Bihar and the Ayudhas of north India was the continuation of an old power struggle that had started between Harshavardhana of the Pushyabhuti dynasty and Sasanka of Gauda in the seventh century and would continue till the twelfth century. These regional struggles were escalated to a greater pitch over the issue of succession of the Ayudha dynasty. Also, the involvement of the four powers, i.e. the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire, the Rashtrakuta Empire, and the Ayudha dynasty meant that it was actually a four-power contest.

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