An artifact such as experimenter bias is a threat to the validity of measurement because the outcome measurements may be distorted by the artifact artifact will reduce reliability which will, in turn, reduce validity artifact is an external factor, unrelated to the experiment artifact will allow participants to identify the experimental manipulation

Take a moment to consider other countries and their form of government. select a country that does not utilize the same form of democracy that the united states uses, identify the country you chose and compare their form of government to the u.s. how are the different types of government the same? how do they differ? which type of government do you think is more beneficial to it's citizen's?