A procedure in which reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued and as a result, occurrences of that behavior decrease in the future is: a. Punishment. b. Extinction. c. Reinforcement. d. Establishing Operation.

b. Extinction.

Explanation:

According to Cooper, Heron, & Heward (2007), " Extinction as a procedure occurs when reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued; as a result, the frequency of that behavior decreases in the future."

An extinction procedure is  used in Applied Behavioral Analysis and it involves taking steps in deliberately  intervening to make a target behavior  to reduce the  frequency in  occurring or stop totally .  It generally means that if the reinforcement that initially triggers a behavior is discontinued, it will reduce the occurrence of such behavior in the long run.

in an absolute  monarchy, the  monarchrules as an autocrat, with absolutepower  over the state and government — for example, the right to rule by decree, promulgate laws, and impose punishments. the  monarch isnominally sovereign but the electorate, through their legislature, exercise political sovereignty.