Discuss fully whether either of the following actions would constitute a violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, as amended: (See Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.) (a) Tennington, Inc., is a consulting firm with ten employ- ees. These employees travel on consulting jobs in seven states. Tennington has an employment record of hiring only white males.

(b) Novo Films is making a movie about Africa and needs to employ approximately one hundred extras for this picture. To hire these extras, Novo advertises in all major newspa- pers in Southern California. The ad states that only Afri- can Americans need apply.