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Q1

A rotation is a transformation that turns a figure about a fixed point called the center of rotation. • An object and its rotation are the same shape and size, but the figures may be turned in different directions. • Rotations may be clockwise or counterclockwise.

Q2

A meridian is a north-south line, selected as the zero reference line for astronomical observations. By comparing thousands of observations taken from the same meridian it's possible to build up an accurate map of the sky.

industry had made the u.s. the richest nation in the world at this time. the second industrial revolution caused growth in industry and transportation, which allowed increased trade between nations.