What is the basic difference between the two forms that society takes in Durkheim? As the word implies, societies that exhibit organic solidarity have a simpler division of labor and a group conscience. Societies that exhibit a mechanical solidarity have machine-like divisions of labor and increased individualism. Organic societies are collectives, cohesive, and communal, whereas mechanical societies are dehumanizing, deleterious, and capitalistic. Mechanical societies are those that came with the Industrial Revolution. Organic, that is, agrarian societies represent what came before. Societies that exhibit mechanical solidarity have a simpler division of labor and a group conscience. Societies that exhibit organic solidarity have complex divisions of labor and increased individualism.

D. Societies that exhibit mechanical solidarity have a simpler division of labor and a group conscience. Societies that exhibit organic solidarity have complex divisions of labor and increased individualism.

Explanation:

The classification of society into the Mechanical and Organic was done by a Sociologist named Emile Durkheim. From his classification of society, the Mechanical type of society is a society that relies on the sameness or homogeneity of people. He reasoned that in this type of society, people have similar interests, in terms of religion, way of life and education. They had a simple division of labor and a group or collective conscience.  This kind of society can be found in rural settings.

The society that exhibits Organic solidarity, however, relies on the interdependence of people and what they do. This society exists on the basis that people rely on each other to survive. For, example we all rely on the services of teachers, doctors, and other professions. This society is found in urban or more advanced settings.  There is a complex division of labor and increased individualism in this society.