In an observational study, people who ate four or more servings of fresh fruits and vegetables each day were less likely to develop colon cancer than people who ate little fruit or vegetables. The results of the study show that eating more fruits and vegetables reduces your risk of contracting colon cancer.

-likely due to confounding
-not likely due to confoundingNone of above

Likely due to confounding.

Explanation:

This outcome can most likely be explained as a consequence of confounding. Confounding refers to a distortion in the measure of association between two variables. This inaccuracy is the consequence of the variable of interest being mixed up with another factor that played a role in the result. In this example, this means that there might be another variable at play that causes this association between eating fruits and vegetables and the risk of developing colon cancer.

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they encountered severe weather for which they were poorly prepared.