Zariah wants to know how kids of different ages think about smoking today whereas Estelle wants to know how attitudes regarding smoking change over time. The will best suit Zariah’s research question whereas the will be better suited for Estelle’s research.

cross-sectional design; longitudinal design

Explanation:

Cross-sectional design: In psychological research, the term "cross-sectional design" is described as one of the different study designs that are considered as an observational study. In this study, a researcher measures the "exposure" and the "outcome" in the study subjects or participants simultaneously.

Longitudinal design: In psychological research, the term "longitudinal design" is described as a study of participant or group of participants in a similar condition and over a period in time. It can last from a week to months and even to years.  

the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.