All of the following are true concerning Black Codes EXCEPT
1) Black Codes were passed by Congress to protect the rights of African-Americans and to enforce the Thirteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

2) Black Codes were passed by Southern Legislatures to restrict African-Americans after the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

3) Black codes used vagrancy laws to pressure freedmen to work for white landowners under a labor contract.

4) Black Codes provided that African-American vagrants were subject to being arrested and sentenced to hard labor to pay their fines.