A researcher asks an IRB to waive the requirement for parental permission for a study conducted in schools because the nature of the research requires participation of all the children present in classrooms on the day the research will take place. Assuming that the basic research design could be approved by the IRB and the school, which of the following requirements must be met before an IRB could waive parental permission?The research must pose no more than minimal risk. An independent consultant must approve the waiver. Parents must be notified that the study is taking place. The students must be offered an optional classroom activity.

The research must pose no more than minimal risk.

Explanation:

In research, minimal risk refers to the type of risk that only expose the subjects with very little level of discomfort. Typically, this type of risk is required for test subjects who haven't entered adulthood.

Children specifically, still haven't experience perfect development in both of their physiques and brain capacity. This make them became extremely vulnerable for scientific experiments. One single mistake could destroy the rest of their life.

This is why before the researchers even think about asking permission to their parents, they need to ensure that every procedures in the research only  pose no more than minimal risk.

the 2nd option is the answer

    racial conflict and discrimination has existed ever since man learned to kill with rocks and bones. these conflicts arose from disputes between territory, power, wealth, religion, or simple difference. some of the most infamous racial disputes include slavery, the holocaust, and the civil rights movement.

    these listed disputes often resulted in casualties from all sides. riots, wars, imprisonment, and lynching are all commonly associated with racial conflict on severe levels.

      however, racism is an improving issue in recent decades. people are being more accepting and welcoming of diverse populations. though, the world isn't perfect and it will take much more time, if ever, until the world is rid of racism.