Two-year-old Damien frequently refuses to obey his parents because he derives immense pleasure from demonstrating his independence from their control. Freud would have suggested that Damien is going through the stage of development.

Damien is going through the an.al stage of development.

Explanation:

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the second stage of development is the an.al stage. It begins at the age of 18 months and lasts until the child is 3 years old. Since Damien is two years old, this is the stage he is currently going through. During the an.al stage, children's libido is focused on controlling their bladder and bowel movements. When they accomplish such control, children feel independent, accomplished. The way parents approach toilet training is fundamental for a healthy development of their children.

Note: does not accept the word an.al, which is why I'm separating it with a dot.

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