Omar experienced a dissociative fugue state. He suddenly snapped out of it in front of a pet-supplies display in a Boise, ID discount store; he had no memory whatsoever of his previous life in Greensboro, NC.
Omar’s amnesia is best described as:. a. proactive b. anterograde c. retroactive d. retrograde

D. retrograde amnesia

Explanation:

Retrograde amnesia is explained as a type of amnesia that affects memories that were formed before the onset of amnesia. For instance, someone who develops retrograde amnesia after a traumatic brain injury may be unable to remember what happened in previous years prior to that injury.

Retrograde amnesia may be caused by damage to the memory storage areas of the brain, traumatic injury, a serious illness, a seizure or stroke, or a degenerative brain disease.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.