When schools use standard intelligence tests to place students in college preparatory tracks, they are limiting the educational advancement of minorities whose ability is not fairly measured by tests developed from white middle-class experiences. This is an example of discrimination

This is an example of institutional discrimination.

Explanation:

Institutional discrimination refers to practices that can be seen as discriminatory which are embedded in society's institutions. In other words, the system favors some dominant groups to the detriment of the rest. The situation described in the question is an example of institutional prejudice, since it limits educational advancements of minorities. It is important to understand that institutional discrimination can be unintentional - harmful, nonetheless.

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.