Learning approaches to personality suggest that much of behavior is shaped primarily by forces beyond the individual's control—that is, they are .

unconscious

Explanation:

Freud came to conclude that most of the behavior is driven by forces that are way out of our control and that they can be reduced to life (eros) or dead (Thanatos) drives- These forces are strong components that can shape our decisions and are seen in a metaphor:

The unconscious is the hidden part of the iceberg where we are just barely conscious of the surface while the hidden mental processes can be traced back to childhood experiences mostly. At least according to what Freud came to conclude, the unconscious mind is mainly a deposit of sex and destructive or aggressive drives that are impossible to express at the moment of being.

They are continually either repressed or rationalized as the main mechanisms the ego has for balancing inner needs with the outer world

answer; (trauma);

answer; obscene;