is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to bring about a response after it is paired with a stimulus that naturally brings about that response.

Classical conditioning                                                  

Explanation:

Classical conditioning: In psychology, the term "classical conditioning" is described as one of the different learning theories which was introduced by Ivan Pavlov while working with dogs.

Classical conditioning is also classified as respondent conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning and is defined as a process through which a biologically existing stimulus is being paired or associated with a formerly unlearned or neutral stimulus.

In the question above, the given statement signifies the classical conditioning theory.

answer; (b) ; /stronger bonds between the nations of africa

the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.