"When a researcher refers to finding that a systematic relationship exists between the two variables of interest in the population, he or she is referring to which relationship characteristic?

Presence

Explanation: He/she is referring to Presence and presence is the fact that someone or something is in a place, a feeling that someone is with you. The area that is close to someone or someplace, Someone or something that is seen or noticed in a particular place, area, Being inmmediate vicinity, proximity or at the same place or location.

here are five steps to a strong outline:

choose your topic and establish your purpose. a lot of writers struggle to define the initial focus for their paper.

create a list of main ideas. this is the brainstorming part of the writing process.

organize your main ideas.

flush out your main points.

review and adjust.