A cause is a condition that must be present for an effect to follow, whereas a cause is a condition that most likely guarantees the effect in question.

Necessary/sufficient.

Explanation:

As the exercise briefly explains, a necessary cause is a condition that must be present for an effect to follow. If counting to 10, 1 precedes 2, 2 precedes three, etc. The necessary cause takes into account a condition that must be present for the consequence to occur. In order to be clean, you need to take a bath. On the other hand, a sufficient cause is a condition that most likely guarantees the effect in question. This sufficient cause is a condition (or a set of them) that will most likely produce the event. For example, a sufficient cause could be reading all the books for an exam. But, that does necessarily mean that you will pass it because you could've read them but may not have understood them.

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