A correlation is found between the number of police officers in a city and the number of reported crimes in a city. That is, as a city increases its number of police officers, the number of reported crimes increases. The mayor, upon learning this, may conclude that either crime is on the rise or that, with the additional officers, a greater proportion of crimes are being solved, thus increasing the reporting. Which is the reason for the incorrect analysis

The correct answer is Simpson’s Paradox

Explanation: Simpson's paradox occurs when there is a behavioral tendency in data for a given variable when divided into groups, but it is reversed when the groups are combined.

It is a statistical paradox that occurs when the total effect is positive, but when we divide it into groups, the effect is negative.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (c) ///

no , per capita income is not a true measure of the development because: -it only tells us about average income not how income is distributed among the people.it only give us an idea of the economic aspect.it is only at the qualitative basis.moreover, income is not only the way of development other factors are also as much as important as income.