Prison officials know that a prisoner named Ray faces a substantial risk of serious harm from a fellow prisoner. The prison officials deliberately disregard the risk to Ray and fail to take reasonable measures to protect Ray. Ray is seriously harmed by his fellow prisoner. Ray has a strong argument that he has been denied his Eighth Amendment right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment.

Which of the following contributed most to making the items listed in the box

Abrief, "first-step" presentation of a work to be completed is called a

The tea party movement is a. an official third party that challenges both democrats and republicans in national elections. b. an organized challenge to incumbents in the republican party by the most conservative wing of the republican party. c. an organized challenge to incumbents in the democratic party by the most liberal wing of the democratic party. d. an offspring of the green party that runs for state and local office in many midwestern states. e. the now defunct party that gave way to the republican party at the end of the “second party system.”