Naomi is afraid of dogs. While she is feeling relaxed, her therapist shows her a dog from a distance. The therapist gradually brings the dog closer until Naomi's fear is completely extinguished. In this scenario, which of the following techniques is being used to extinguish Naomi's fear of dogs?
A) Generalization
B) Systematic desensitization
C) Free association
D) Discrimination

B) Systematic desensitization

Explanation:

Systematic desensitization  is defined as process that is used for reducing the impact of fear response in phobiatic situation. It is substituted with relaxing response through exercises and activities and then gradually exposed to fear-causing source or person.

According to the question,Naomi is undergoing systematic desensitization as her therapist is exposing her toward dogs which is her phobia when she is at relaxing stage.This will help to remove her fear about dogs.

Other options are incorrect because generalization, discrimination and free association are not the methods for reducing the fear caused through phobia in a person.Thus, the correct option is option(B).

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1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

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