Jacky did not score well in her "pre-med" course at the university level. She started studying hard to improve her grades and got into medical school. Even after getting the degree of Doctor of Medicine (M. D.), she still works hard for everything and is successful in all her endeavors. Which special kind of response to negative reinforcement is evident in Jacky's case?

Avoidance learning

Explanation:

Avoidance learning is the process by which an individual learns a behavior or response to avoid a stressful or unpleasant situation. The behavior is to avoid, or to remove oneself from the situation.

1. seasonal

2. frictional unenployment

3. the number of the labor force multiplied by 100 and then subtract the number of unemployed.

4. 4%

5. an increase in prices