An appraiser encounters an underground storage tank and there are no signs of leakage or failure. An appraisal could be performed under the presumption that the tank is not leaking and the property is not contaminated. This would be an example of a(n) .

Extraordinary assumption

Explanation: Appraisal could be defined as the estimation or evaluation of an object, property or structure in other to determine either the worth, condition or nature of such property or object.

An Extraordinary assumption during appraisal means a presumption that certain unknown information exists or is a fact. It assumes a condition which is unknown to be true and as such if the information is found to be false may alter the result or conclusion of the appraisal.

Such is the scenario above, when the appariser assumes there is no leakage or contamination based merely on unknown fact.

elizabeth loftus conducted a study to observe the reliability of eyewitnesses during the 1970s. their baseline was to define how accurate are the recollections of eyewitnesses.

her studies do not support the use of eyewitness. loftus mentions in her work that we are not required to recall some experiences, meaning that rarely an individual eyewitness testimony is trustworthy. a good example is presented in her work, where all individuals watched a video and were than asked "about how fast were the cars going when they hit/smash? ". the testimonies changed based on the word she used to make the question (hit or smash), proving the fragility.