According to the social-conflict approach, what a society labels as deviant is based primarily on

differences in power between various categories of people.                      

Explanation:

Social-conflict approach: In sociology, the term social-conflict approach is defined as a framework that depends on building theory which is responsible for seeing a particular society as an enclosed area that encompasses inequality and leads to create change and conflict. According to various sociologists, they use the social-conflict approach to identify the conflict between different dominant and disadvantaged groups.

According to the social conflict approach, deviant behaviors are considered as various actions that do not occurs based on social institutions.

the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.